February 21st to February 27th
Sunday February 21, 2010
Adverb + 'ing' form
When an adverb is followed by a verb, the verb takes the 'ing' form.
Example Sentences
Hopefully relaxing this weekend will help him get better.
They caused problems by carelessly gossiping about others.
Monday February 22, 2010
Adjective + Infinitive
When an adjective is followed by a verb, the verb takes the infinitive form.
Example Sentences
It is difficult to know everything about any language.
It's easy to make a mistake.
Tuesday February 23, 2010
Phrasal Verbs + Ing
Phrasal verbs end in a preposition. The 'ing' form of the verb always follows prepositions. For this reason, any verb combined with a phrasal verb takes the 'ing' form of the verb.
Example Sentences
He put off visiting his friends until the following week.
She looked into buying a new home.
Wednesday February 24, 2010
Phrasal Verbs Separable or Inseparable Tip
If you are not sure whether a phrasal verb is separable or inseparable, ALWAYS use a noun or nouns phrase and DO NOT separate. In this manner, you will always be correct!
Example Sentences
She'll pick up French quickly.
He'll look after the children.
Thursday February 25, 2010
Inseparable Phrasal Verbs
Inseparable phrasal verbs always remain together. It makes no difference if a noun or pronoun is used.
Example Sentences
Don't worry I'll look after them.
She's looking forward to taking some time off work.
Friday February 26, 2010
Separable Phrasal Verbs
Separable phrasal verbs MUST be separated when a pronoun is used.
Example Sentences
I'll pick him up at six o'clock.
I think you should give it up.
Saturday February 27, 2010
As ... As
Use "as ... as" to express comparative equality. Do not use the comparative form of the adjective (i.e. hotter, more difficult, etc.)
Example Sentences
This test is as difficult as the test last week.
London is as expensive as Tokyo.
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February 14th to February 20th
Sunday February 14, 2010
Reported Speech
In reported speech go one step back into the past and change the time signifier as well as the pronoun.
Example Sentences
"I'm going to the supermarket.: BECOMES He said he was going to the supermarket.
"She's seeing him tomorrow." BECOMES She said she was seeing him the next day.
Monday February 15, 2010
Should or Shouldn't
Use "should" or "shouldn't" as a modal verb to give advice.
Example Sentences
He should get a check up soon. He doesn't look too well.
His mother told him he shouldn't worry about the test.
Tuesday February 16, 2010
Preposition + Verb
Always use the gerund when the verb is the object of a preposition
Example Sentences
What shall we do? - How about visiting Tom!
I looked into purchasing a new computer.
Wednesday February 17, 2010
Interested In
The correct usage of showing interest is a passive infinitive "to be interested in".
Example Sentences
They are interested in geography.
Was he interested in coming to the presentation?
Thursday February 18, 2010
Good and Bad
The comparative form for "good" is "better". The superlative form is "the best". The comparative form for "bad" is "worse". THe superlative form is "the worst".
Example Sentences
She is the worst tennis player on the team.
He's better at math than Jack, but worse at geography.
Friday February 19, 2010
The Basics of "At"
Use "at" with times of the day and places in a city.
Example Sentences
I'll meet you at three o'clock.
Let's meet at the bank.
Saturday February 20, 2010
Ask
The verb "ask" plus an object is constructed "S + ask + person being asked + infinitive with to".
Example Sentences
She asked him to repeat the question.
My friend asked me to come early to the meeting.
February 7th to February 13th
Sunday January 31, 2010
Since
Use the present perfect (continuous) with the time expression "since" when using a specific date or time.
Example Sentences
He's lived in that house since 1998.
They've been playing golf since ten this morning.
Monday February 30, 2010
On
Use "on" with days of the week. However, in British English use "at the weekend".
Example Sentences
I'll see you on Tuesday.
Let's meet on Sunday.
Tuesday February 1, 2010
Look Like
Use "look like" to ask for a physical description.
Example Sentences
What does your brother look like?
He looks like Brad Pitt.
Wednesday February 2, 2010
Interested or Interesting?
Remember to use the "-ed" form of the adjective to describe how people are affected. In this case, "bored by" is the only correct combination of adjective and preposition.
Example Sentences
That documentary was very interesting.
Tim was interested in the project.
Thursday February 3, 2010
Put Off
The phrasal verb "to put off" means "to postpone". "Put off" is a separable phrasal verb.
Example Sentences
He put the meeting off until tomorrow.
Can I put that off until next week?
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Friday February 4, 2010
Past Perfect - Had Done
Use the past perfect - had + participle - to express an action finished before another action in the past.
Example Sentences
He had finished his homework by the time she arrived.
I had spoken with Peter before I talked to Bob about the deal.
Saturday February 5, 2010
How do you do?
Use the question "How do you do?" when meeting a person for the first time. Use "How are you?" after that.
Example Sentences
How do you do? - It's a pleasure to meet you.
How are you today Tom? - I'm fine.
January 31st to February 6th
Sunday January 31, 2010
Have to or Must?
Use "must" for strong obligations at the moment of speaking. Use "have to" for daily responsibilities.
Example Sentences
I have to catch a train for work every morning.
I must get going. It's late!
Monday February 30, 2010
Had to
Past obligation is always "had to". There is no "must" in the past.
Example Sentences
I had to leave the meeting early to catch my train.
They had to invest over 5 million dollars in updates.
Tuesday February 1, 2010
What are you doing tomorrow?
The present continuous is often used to express future intentions, especially principle verbs such as "go".
Example Sentences
He's going to a concert on Friday.
She's coming to visit next week.
Wednesday February 2, 2010
Neither
When agreeing with a negative statement, use "neither + auxiliary in the opposite form to the original statement + subject"
Example Sentences
I don't like country music. - Neither do I.
She didn't have much to eat. - Neither did Andy.
Thursday February 3, 2010
The Verb "Like"
The verb "like" usually takes the gerund (verb+ing) in the simple form meaning "enjoy doing". The verb "like" usually takes the infinitive (to do) meaning "choose to do".
Example Sentences
He likes skiing in the winter.
Jack likes to take an earlier train to work.
Friday February 4, 2010
The Verb "Remember"
With the verb "to remember" use the infinitive to express the action of remembering. Use the gerund (-ing) to express having the memory of something.
Example Sentences
I remember playing golf as a teenager.
Did you remember to turn off the lights?
Saturday February 5, 2010
No = Not Any
Use "no" plus a noun to mean the same as "not any".
Example Sentences
He has no interest in coming next week.
She had no time to go to a show when she was in New York.
January 24th to January30th
Sunday January 24, 2010
Want + Infinitive
The verb "to want" takes the infinitive when followed by a verb.
Example Sentences
What do you want to do this afternoon?
She doesn't want to visit her parents next weekend.
Monday January 25, 2010
Subject Questions
In a subject question do not use the usual inverted question form. For example: Which model did you buy? - here "which model" is the object. In the example, "which model" is the subject of the question.
Example Sentences
Which model goes the fastest?
Which house provides shelter for the homeless?
Tuesday January 26, 2010
To Come Into
The phrasal verb "to come into" means "to inherit".
Example Sentences
She came into a fortune when her uncle passed away.
Have you ever come into a large amount of money?
Wednesday January 27, 2010
Who
Use "who" as the relative pronoun to connect phrases about people.
Example Sentences
He's the man who discovered the larva worm.
Jane is the woman who helped me finish the application.
Thursday January 28, 2010
Whose
"whose" is the possessive relative pronoun referring to "the woman" in this case.
Example Sentences
She's the woman whose home was purchased by Karen.
Is he the man whose son won the trophy?
Friday January 29, 2010
Explaining Present Results
Use the present perfect continuous to state a recent continuous action in the past causing a present result.
Example Sentences
He's been working in the garden. That's why his hands are so dirty.
I've been watching TV all afternoon. That's why I need to take a walk.
Saturday January 30, 2010
Make out
"To make out" is a phrasal verb that means "to see with difficulty".
Example Sentences
I could just make out the ship on the horizon.
Can you make out anything in the distance?
January 17th to January 23rd
Sunday January 17, 2010
Passive Sentences
The passive voice is formed: Passive Subject + to be (conjugated) + participle.
Example Sentences
Two hundred cars were manufactured at the plant last week.
The 9th Symphony was written when Beethoven was deaf.
Monday January 18, 2010
Look After
"look after" is a phrasal verb which means "to take care of".
Example Sentences
Can you look after my cat next week?
I looked after my brother's children for the day while he was away.
Tuesday January 19, 2010
Than
For comparisons between two objects use the comparative form followed by "than".
Example Sentences
English is easier to learn than Russian.
Children are more nimble than adults.
Wednesday January 20, 2010
Could - Was Able To
"Could" is the past of can which expresses ability and permission. "Was able to" expresses the same idea, but is often used for a specific situation.
Example Sentences
She couldn't attend that class last semester.
He wasn't able to buy tickets for the concert on Saturday.
Thursday January 21, 2010
Future Predictions
We use the future with "will" to make future predictions.
Example Sentences
I doubt she will win the election next year.
Who do you think will win the game?
Friday January 22, 2010
In Front Of - Behind / Before - After
"In front of" indicates physical space. The oppposite is "behind". "Before" indicates time. The opposite is "after".
Example Sentences
He stood in front of the class.
Let's have lunch before the meeting.
Saturday January 23, 2010
Present Perfect Passive Voice
"Have been made / done / built " is the present perfect passive form used for actions completed up to the present moment in time.
Example Sentences
All the assignments have been completed on time.
This product has been manufactured in Iowa since 1943.
January 10th to January16th
Sunday January 10, 2010
Out of / Into
Use the preposition combination "out of" when exiting a building. Use the preposition "into" when entering a building.
Example Sentences
She drove the car into the garage.
He walked out of the shop and saw Peter.
Monday January 11, 2010
Like / As
Use "as" to indicate function, use "like" to indicate similarity.
Example Sentences
She looks like my sister.
He works as an accountant at the local bank.
Tuesday January 12, 2010
Question Tags
Use the opposite of the auxiliary for a question tag.
Example Sentences
She enjoys wine, doesn't she?
They haven't been to Paris before, have they?
Wednesday January 13, 2010
Did?
The question form of the simple past is "did + Subject + verb (without to)".
Example Sentences
When did she finish the lesson?
Where did they go on vacation?
Thursday January 14, 2009
Future Intentions
Use "be going to" to ask about future intentions.
Example Sentences
When are you going to finish that report?
What is she going to study at university?
Friday January 15, 2009
Wish + Past Perfect
The use of the verb "wish" in the past is followed by the past perfect similar to the third conditional.
Example Sentences
She wishes she had studied harder for the test.
I wish I had known about the problem.
Saturday January 16, 2009
Reported Speech with "Will"
"Will" becomes "would" in reported speech.
Example Sentences
He said he would be able to attend the conference.
Paris said she would not speak to the reporters.
January 3rd to January 9th
Sunday January 3, 2010
Modifying Strong Adjectives
Strong adjectives require a different modifier other than "very".
Example Sentences
She's extremely beautiful!
Her ideas are absolutely shocking!
Monday January 4, 2010
Present Modal Verbs of Deduction
Use "might / could + verb" for a present modal verb of probability. The other forms include must + verb - almost certain, can't + verb - almost certain in a negative way.
Example Sentences
She can't be at school. I just talked to her on the phone!
Peter might work at that company. I think he just changed jobs.
Tuesday January 5, 2010
Past Modal Verbs of Deduction
Use "might have + participle" for a past modal verb of probability. The other forms include "could have + participle - possibility, must have + participle - almost certain, can't have + participle - almost certain in a negative way.
Example Sentences
She must have been ill. She rarely misses a meeting.
They might have bought a new car. I'm not sure.
Wednesday January 6, 2010
Had better, Ought to, Should
"Had better", "ought to" and "should" are all ways of giving advice.
Example Sentences
I think he had better hurry up and finish the questions.
They ought to spend more time with their children.
Thursday January 7, 2010
During / While
Use "during" with a noun, "while" with a verb clause.
Example Sentences
During the meeting, Tom mentioned the problems with shipping.
Jeff talked to Peter while I was working on the report.
Friday January 8, 2010
Third Conditional
Use the past perfect in the if clause of conditional three (imaginary past) sentences that concern the past.
Example Sentences
They would have come to the party, if they had been invited.
If Al Gore had been elected, we wouldn't have faced so many problems.
Saturday January 9, 2010
Repeating Every Sunday, Saturday, etc.
When speaking about an action that is repeated EVERY Saturday, Monday, etc. use the day of the week + 's'
Example Sentences
They go to church on Sundays.
Do you often arrive late to work on Wednesdays?
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November 8th to 14th
Sunday November 8, 2009
If he were ...
Use "were" in the second conditional if clause for all subjects.
Example Sentences
If he were the boss, we'd all have more to do.
I would change my position if I were you.
Monday November 9, 2009
Verbs after Prepositions
Always use the gerund when the verb is the object of a preposition.
Tuesday November 10, 2009
Any and Some
We usually use "any" in the question form except when offering or requesting something which is present - in this case we use "some"
Example Sentences
Would you like something to drink?
She doesn't have any time this afternoon.
Wednesday November 11, 2009
Few and A Few
We use "few" in a negative sense. Use "a few" in a positive sense.
Example Sentences
I have few friends in Los Angeles.
I have a few friends in New York.
Thursday November 12, 2009
The Use of Well
"Well" is the adverb form of the adjective "good"
Example Sentences
He plays golf very well.
She speaks German well.
Friday November 13, 2009
Decisions of the Moment
We use the future with "will" for spontaneous reactions. In other words, decisions that we make at that moment.
Example Sentences
I'm hungry. - I'll make you a sandwich.
It's raining. - I'll get an umbrella.
Saturday November 14, 2009
Future Time Clauses
In a future time clause use the present simple - the construction is the same as for the first conditional.
Example Sentences
We'll begin the meeting as soon as she arrives.
She'll finish after she receives the notes.
November 1st to 7th
Sunday November 1, 2009
Expressing Age
We use the verb "to be" to express age in English. There are two possibilities: He is eight. OR He is eight years old.
Example Sentences
Tom is twenty-two.
My brother is thirty-six years old.
Monday November 2, 2009
Short Answers
When answering yes/no questions, use the auxiliary verb to reply.
Example Sentences
Did he come last week? - Yes, he did.
Have you lived here long? - No, I haven't.
Tuesday November 3, 2009
Use "already" in positive sentences to express something done recently. Use "yet" in the question and negative forms.
Example Sentences
Have you finished that report yet?
He's already talked with Bob.
Wednesday November 4, 2009
Asking about Experience
Use the present perfect to inquire about life experiences.
Example Sentences
Have you ever seen a play by Shakespeare?
Has she ever visited France?
Thursday November 5, 2009
Using a Verb as a Noun
We use the gerund form of the verb (verb+ing) when we use the verb as a noun.
Example Sentences
Playing golf is my favorite pastime.
She said that driving was very difficult for her.
Friday November 6, 2009
Past Continuous for Interrupted Actions
Use the past continuous to express an interrupted action in the past.
Example Sentences
She was talking on the phone when he arrived.
What was she doing when you asked her the question?
Saturday November 7, 2009
Let, Make and Help
With the verbs "let, make and help" we use the following structure: S + let, make or help + object + verb without to For other verbs that take this structure we use: S + verb + object + verb with to
Example Sentences
She let him stay out late.
What did your father make you do?
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October 4th to 10th
Sunday October 4, 2009
lose / loose
Helpful Tip
'Lose' is an irregular verb (lose - lost - lost). 'Loose' is adjective meaning the opposite of 'tight'. It
Example Sentences
This shirt is too loose.
Did you lose something?
Monday October 5, 2009
gradable and non-gradable
Helpful Tip
Certain adjectives and adverbs are gradable (young, boring, expensive) others are ungradeable - meaning there is no more or less (dead, impossible,etc.).
Example Sentences
Gradeable: Tom is much more interesting than Peter.
Unfortunately, his friend is dead.
Tuesday October 6, 2009
hundred (and)
Helpful Tip
Use 'and' in expressing hundreds in British English. Do not use 'and' in American English.
Example Sentences
British English: four hundred and five - American English: four hundred five
British English: two thousand seven hundred and thirty-three - American English: two thousand seven hundred thirty-three
Wednesday October 7, 2009
dead - died
Helpful Tip
'Dead' is an adjective. 'Died' is the past tense of the verb 'die'.
Example Sentences
When did Mrs. Johnson die?
The cat by the side of the road is dead.
Thursday October 8, 2009
a bit - not a bit
Helpful Tip
A bit = a little / not a bit = not at all
Example Sentences
I'm not a bit angry at Tom.
She's a bit tired today.
Friday October 9, 2009
seem
Helpful Tip
The verb 'seem' is used to discuss both facts and feelings, or impressions.
Example Sentences
The sun seems to disappear into the earth on the horizon.
She seems like a friendly person.
Saturday October 10, 2009
but = except
Helpful Tip
'But' can be used to mean 'except'.
Example Sentences
He's done everything but pack his bags.
But for the food, the vacation was a disaster.
September 27th to October 3rd
Sunday September 27, 2009
'The' and mountains
Helpful Tip
Do not use 'the' when referring to most mountains.
Example Sentences
The climber scaled Mount Everest.
You can see Mount Rainier from Seattle on a clear day.
Monday September 28, 2009
Good evening versus Good Night
Helpful Tip
Use 'good evening' as a greeting after six p.m. Use 'good night' at the end of the evening when you leave someone for the day.
Example Sentences
Good evening Tom, would you like to have some dinner with me?
Good night. I'll see you at work tomorrow.
Tuesday September 29, 2009
Alike and like
Helpful Tip
Use 'alike' to mean 'like each other'. Use 'like' to mean 'like someone else'.
Example Sentences
We are very much alike.
Tom looks like Peter.
Wednesday September 30, 2009
into / in
Helpful Tip
Use 'into' when indicating change. Use 'in' when indicating state or place.
Example Sentences
He drove into the garage.
He studies in that classroom.
Thursday October 1, 2009
gonna = going to
Helpful Tip
The slang form 'gonna' often heard in American English means 'going to' and therefore indicates future or planned action.
Example Sentences
I'm gonna see Tom tomorrow. (informal slang)
What are you gonna do? (informal slang)
Friday October 2, 2009
I know
Helpful Tip
The phrase 'I know' refers to facts. Notice we do not use 'it'.
Example Sentences
She's a very talented girl. - I know.
They're building a new office building downtown. - I know.
Saturday October 3, 2009
Sorry to do this ...
Helpful Tip
Use 'sorry + infinitive' to apologize for a current situation.
Example Sentences
Sorry to upset you, but you need to understand the situation.
Sorry to bump into you like that!
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July 5th to July 11th
July 11, 2009
'The' and mountains
Do not use 'the' when referring to most mountains.
Example Sentences
The climber scaled Mount Everest.
You can see Mount Rainier from Seattle on a clear day.
July 10, 2009
Good evening versus Good Night
Use 'good evening' as a greeting after six p.m. Use 'good night' at the end of the evening when you leave someone for the day.
Example Sentences
Good evening Tom, would you like to have some dinner with me?
Good night. I'll see you at work tomorrow.
July 9, 2009
Alike and like
Use 'alike' to mean 'like each other'. Use 'like' to mean 'like someone else'.
Example Sentences
We are very much alike.
Tom looks like Peter.
July 8, 2009
into / in
Use 'into' when indicating change. Use 'in' when indicating state or place.
Example Sentences
He drove into the garage.
He studies in that classroom.
July 7, 2009
gonna = going to
The slang form 'gonna' often heard in American English means 'going to' and therefore indicates future or planned action.
Example Sentences
I'm gonna see Tom tomorrow. (informal slang)
What are you gonna do? (informal slang)
July 6, 2009
I know
The phrase 'I know' refers to facts. Notice we do not use 'it'.
Example Sentences
She's a very talented girl. - I know.
They're building a new office building downtown. - I know.
July 5, 2009
Sorry to do this ...
Use 'sorry + infinitive' to apologize for a current situation.
Example Sentences
Sorry to upset you, but you need to understand the situation.
Sorry to bump into you like that!
June 28th to July 4th
July 4, 2009
a bit - not a bit
A bit = a little / not a bit = not at all
Example Sentences
I'm not a bit angry at Tom.
She's a bit tired today.
July 3, 2009
dead - died
'Dead' is an adjective. 'Died' is the past tense of the verb 'die'.
Example Sentences
When did Mrs Johnson die?
The cat by the side of the road is dead.
July 2, 2009
hundred (and)
Use 'and' in expressing hundreds in British English. Do not use 'and' in American English.
Example Sentences
British English: four hundred and five - American English: four hundred five
British English: two thousand seven hundred and thirty-three - American English: two thousand seven hundred thirty-three
July 1, 2009
gradable and non-gradable
Certain adjectives and adverbs are gradeable (young, boring, expensive) others are ungradeable - meaning there is no more or less (dead, impossible,etc.).
Example Sentences
Gradeable: Tom is much more interesting than Peter.
Unfortunately, his friend is dead.
June 30, 2009
mind + questions and negatives
The most common use of the verb 'to mind' is in questions and negatives.
Example Sentences
I don't mind her smoking in the living room.
Would you mind if I open the window?
June 29, 2009
Made of
Use 'made of' when referring to materials used in producing or manufacturing something.
Example Sentences
This body is made of a mixture of plastic and steel.
The flooboards are made of oak.
June 28, 2009
Contractions
Contractions are usually used in informal speech and writing. For formal writing, write the full form.
Example Sentences
To a friend: She's coming soon. In a letter: She is coming soon.
E-mail to a colleague: We're working hard. E-mail to boss: We are working on the Smith project.
June 21th to June 27th
June 27, 2009
electric and electrical Electric is used with machines using electricity. Electrical is used before more general words.
Example Sentences The electric blender is on the shelf.
The electrical appliances in most homes are becoming cheaper every year. June 26, 2009
classifying nouns It is common to use noun + noun as a 'classifying' expression naming a particular type.
Example Sentences Seaside insects often cause irritation.
Mountain paths transverse everything from forest to rocky peaks. June 25, 2009
hardly, scarcely 'Hardly' and 'scarcely' are often used with past perfect to show something that happened in quick succession in the past.
Example Sentences Hardly had I come in the door, when John arrived.
She had scarcely finished her meal when she received the call. June 24, 2009
the least / the fewest 'The least' is the superlative form of 'little' used with uncountable nouns, and 'the fewest' is the superlative form of 'few' used with countable nouns.
Example Sentences Tom does the least work of anybody in this room.
Jane has made the fewest mistakes on the exams. June 23, 2009
of course = everybody knows Use 'of course' to mean 'everybody knows or understands'.
Example Sentences Of course, we're planning on improving services once we succeed.
It seems like the weather is getting hotter, but, of course, it's just because summer is arriving. June 22, 2009
quite (British) really (US) It is common to use 'quite' in British English and 'really' in American English to mean 'very'.
Example Sentences British: It's quite hot today. American: It's really hot today.
American: That's really expensive! British: That's quite dear! June 21, 2009
fit / suit These words are similar, but not the same in meaning. 'Fit' refers to size, whereas 'suit' refers to color, style, etc.
Example Sentences That doesn't fit you, but the color certainly suits you!
That sweater suits you, you just need a larger size. June 14th to June 20th
June 20, 2009
no and none of Use 'no' immediately before a noun without any determiners. Use 'none of' before a determiner + noun.
Example Sentences None of my sisters belong to the tennis club.
There are no children on the playground. June 19, 2009
nearest and next 'Nearest' is used for place and 'next' is used for time.
Example Sentences Where is the nearest bathroom?
When does the next train leave? June 18, 2009
instead of and instead 'Instead of' is used as a preposition. 'Instead' (without 'of') is used as an adverb.
Example Sentences He'll be going instead of Tom.
She didn't go to Chicago. Instead, she went to New York. June 17, 2009
sorry for - sorry to do 'Sorry for / about + ing' refers to past events. 'Sorry to do' refers to present situations.
Example Sentences I'm sorry to disappoint you, but I can't come to the party.
I'm sorry for disturbing you yesterday! June 16, 2009
There are said to be ...
With some verbs including 'say', 'feel', 'think', etc. 'There are / is' is used to introduce a passive.
Example Sentences There are thought to be six thousand species of this class alive in New Guinea.
There is felt to be a certain joy in making music with others. June 15, 2009
arrive Use either 'arrive in' with cities, or 'arrive at' with places. Never use 'arrive to'.
Example Sentences He arrived in Tokyo after a 12 hour flight.
Tom arrived at work just in time for the presentation. June 14, 2009
in case of 'In case of' can be used in similar situations to 'if'.
Example Sentences In case of damage, call the manufacturer. = If there is damage, call the manufacturer.
In case of fire, call 911 immediately! June 7th to June 13th
June 13, 2009
BC / AD BC refers to dates before the birth od Christ, AD for dates after the birth of Christ. (BC = before Christ, AD = Anno Domini)
Example Sentences The Romans occupied the territory in 342 BC.
The first settlement appeared in 215 AD. June 12, 2009
get + object + past participle This form is used to express the idea that someone finishes a task.
Example Sentences The man got his report written and went home.
We were able to get the investment made, even though it was difficult. June 11, 2009
Got - gotten? American English also uses the particple 'gotten' of the verb 'to get', whereas British English only allows for 'got'.
Example Sentences American English: She's gotten into a lot of trouble this month.
British English: She's got into a lot of trouble this month. June 10, 2009
It + to be + adjective + infinitive This form is used as a 'preparatory subject' and is quite common in English.
Example Sentences It is important to remember who you friends are!
It was difficult to understand the speaker at the conference. June 9, 2009
Due 'Due' is used to mean 'expected to arrive' in newspapers and magazines in headlines.
Example Sentences President Due to Arrive Next Week
Director Due in New York June 8, 2009
Present results A simple sentence in present perfect can indicate a present result.
Example Sentences I've broken my leg. = My leg is now broken.
She's been to the bank. = She has some money now. June 7, 2009
False friends Sometimes a word that sounds the same in your language may have a completely different meaning in English.
Example Sentences Italian: sensible English: sensible
French: Trainer English: Trainer May 31st to June 6th
June 6, 2009
progressive = continuous Many grammar books use either progressive or continuous when referring to 'present continuous / progressive - past continuous / progressive, etc.'
Example Sentences The past continuous form is used for specific times in the past.
The past progressive form is used for specific times in the past. June 5, 2009
passive and continuous The passive voice is rarely if ever used with present or past perfect continuous forms
Example Sentences We've been working on that bridge for two weeks. NOT That bridge has been being worked on for two weeks.
They had been studying that paper for two hours before he arrived. NOT That paper had been being studied for two hours before he arrived. June 4, 2009
near (to) Use the preposition 'near' with or without 'to' for the same meaning.
Example Sentences He lives near (to) the bank.
My friends play soccer near (to) my office building. June 3, 2009
make an offer / make a mistake These two expressions are fixed in English. do not use 'do' with these expressions.
Example Sentences Let me make you an offer you can't refuse.
She made a number of mistakes on the exam. June 2, 2009
do good / do one's best The expressions 'do good' and 'do one's best' are fixed in English. Do NOT use 'make'.
Example Sentences I think Tom does quite a lot of good in his community.
You should always try to do your best. June 1, 2009
get + direct object When 'get' is followed by a direct object, it usually means receive, or fetch.
Example Sentences Let me get something to eat before we begin.
She got her notebook and began to study hard. May 31, 2009
man / mankind Both 'man' and 'mankind' is used to refer to the human race.
Example Sentences Man has created many wonders, and caused many problems.
Mankind continually strives to improve, despite its tendency towards violence
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May 24th to May 30th
May 30, 2009
They - in general
Instead of using 'he' or 'she' in a general sense, English often employs the general form of 'they'.
Example Sentences
When a person gets a new job, they like celebrating by inviting their friends out for a drink.
If anyone enjoys golf, they can visit me and we'll have a round.
May 29, 2009
everyday vs. every day
'Everyday' is an adjective meaning 'usual'. 'Every day' is an adverbial expression mean the literal every day.
Example Sentences
She enjoys swimming every day.
Everyday jobs are as important as specialized professions.
May 28 2009
be used to doing vs. used to do
'Be used to doing' expresses habitual action whereas 'used to do' express a habit in the past.
Example Sentences
He's used to working late during the week.
She used to work late when she was employed in Chicago.
May 27, 2009
the = enough
'The' can be used alone to mean 'enough' placed before a noun.
Example Sentences
Does he have the patience to do the job?
She doesn't have the money to buy that house.
May 26, 2009
except + prepositions
Use 'except' before prepositions and conjunctions. Do not use 'except for'.
Example Sentences
We've been in the all the towns except in Shropshire.
They are happy all the time except when they have to take tests.
May 25, 2009
mind + questions and negatives
The most common use of the verb 'to mind' is in questions and negatives.
Example Sentences
I don't mind her smoking in the living room.
Would you mind if I open the window?
May 24, 2009
else
Use 'else' to mean 'other' or 'more'.
Example Sentences
Is there anyone else who would like some help?
There's nowhere else I would like to go.
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May 17th to May 23rd
May 23, 2009
lose / loose 'Lose' is an irregular verb (lose - lost - lost). 'Loose' is adjective meaning the opposite of 'tight'. It
Example Sentences This shirt is too loose.
Did you lose something?
May 22, 2009
the moment = immediately Use 'the moment (that) to mean immediately.
Example Sentences I'll call you the moment I know the news.
She told me she would inform me the moment she heard.
May 21, 2009
a/an = per When relating two numbers or measurements, 'a/an' can be used to mean 'per'. 'Per' tends to be used in more formal writing.
Example Sentences
The course costs $300 a week. OR The course costs $300 per week.
His consulting rates are $125 an hour. OR His consulting rates are $125 per hour.
May 20, 2009
borrow vs. lend Use 'borrow' when taking money from someone, use 'lend' when giving money to someone.
Example Sentences She borrowed $4000 from her parents.
The bank lent me $2000 to cover the costs.
May 19, 2009
both the NOT the both Use 'the' after 'both' never before 'both'.
Example Sentences Both the clients came to visit us today. NOT The both clients ...
I bought both the books for my class. NOT I bought the both books ...
May 18, 2009
for verb+ing 'For verb+ing' is used to give a reason for something. Example Sentences She was promoted for getting new accounts.
I'm indebted to you for helping me on the project.
May 17, 2009
play 'Play' as a noun is usually a theater piece. As a verb we 'play' games. Sometimes, 'play' is used to refer to children's games in general.
Example Sentences Don't worry about them. Their play is rough.
We like to play board games on Saturdays.
May 10th to May 16th
May 16, 2009
Advise and allow
Use the 'ing' form after these verbs without an object, use the infinitive with an object.
Example Sentences
We allow smoking in the lobby.
We advise vistors to have lunch in the cafeteria.
May 15, 2009
play
'Play' as a noun is usually a theater piece. As a verb we 'play' games. Sometimes, 'play' is used to refer to children's games in general.
Example Sentences
Don't worry about them. Their play is rough.
We like to play board games on Saturdays.
May 14, 2009
Mrs. Ms. and Miss
Use Ms. for women unless asked to use Mrs. or Miss.
Example Sentences
Dear Ms Smith
We spoke to Ms Anderson last week.
May 13, 2009
First impressions
When you walk in the room the very first impression you make on the interviewer can have a great influence on the rest of the interview. It is important that you introduce yourself, shake hands, and are friendly.
Example Sentences
Hello, thank you for asking me to come in today.
Hello, my name is Ken Beare. This is a beautiful office building.
May 12, 2009
Spelling differences
Words ending in -or (American) -our (British) color, colour, humor, humour, flavor, flavour etc.
Example Sentences
American: This painting uses many colors. British: This painting uses many colours.
American: He has a good sense of humor. British: He has a good sense of humour.
May 11, 2009
Got - gotten / American vs. British
The past participle of the verb get is gotten in American English. Example He's gotten much better at playing tennis. British English - He's got much better at playing tennis.
Example Sentences
British English: He's got a few contracts from Italy.
American English: He's gotten a few contracts from Italy.
May 10, 2009
However, nevertheless, nonetheless
'However', 'nevertheless', and 'nonetheless' convey the same unexpected result. However, 'nevertheless' and 'nonetheless' are more formal and are usually used only in writing.
Example Sentences
We're having difficulties with the project. Nevertheless, we'll finish on time.
We've been working hard all week. However, we'll have to continue next week as well.
May 3rd to May 9th
May 9, 2009
Despite
'Despite' is followed by a noun (phrase) and is followed by a comma when introducing the sentence. If 'despite' is used in the middle of a sentence, no comma is required.
Example Sentences
She'll be making a presentation, despite her lack of extra time to prepare.
Despite wanting to play tennis, Johnny stayed home and did his homework.
May 8, 2009
Although, though, even though
'Although', 'though' and 'even though' convey the same unexpected result and can be used interchangeably.
Example Sentences
Even though he's interested in attending the course, he won't be able to participate.
Though it's difficult to understand, you'll have to accept the consequences.
May 7, 2009
Consequently
'Consequently' conveys the meaning of 'as a result' and introduces a transition from one sentence to the next.
Example Sentences
There were a number of changes to make. Consequently, the company put back the introduction of its new product line.
Your grades have been getting worse. Consequently, there'll be no more TV for the next month.
May 6, 2009
Therefore
'Therefore' conveys the meaning of 'as a result' and introduces a transition from one sentence to the next.
Example Sentences
We've had a very bad quarter. Therefore, we have to lay off some staff.
She studied hard every day for a week. Therefore, she passed the exam easily.
May 5, 2009
Due to
'Due to' is followed by a noun object. 'Due to' can introduce or end a sentence. If 'due to' begins a sentence it is followed by a comma. In the case that 'due to' ends the sentence, no comma is used.
Example Sentences
Due to changes made, we're going to alter our plans.
They reacted quickly to the situation due to his excellent understand of the problem.
May 4, 2009
Because of
'Because of' is followed by a noun object. 'Because of' can introduce or end a sentence. If 'because of' begins a sentence it is followed by a comma. In the case that 'because of' ends the sentence, no comma is used.
Example Sentences
Because of the demand for the product, the company increased production.
We're going to fly Tom to the course because of his outstanding skills.
May 3, 2009
As long as
An adverb clause using 'as long as' can precede or follow the independent clause it relates to. Notice that a sentence begun with a 'because' clause is followed by a comma. In the case that a 'as long as' clause finishes the sentence, no comma is used.
Example Sentences
As long as she's ready, let's begin the lesson.
He took some money out of the account as long as they needed the extra cash.
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April 26th to May 2nd
Saturday May 2, 2009
As = because
An adverb clause using 'as' can precede or follow the independent clause it relates to. Notice that a sentence begun with a 'because' clause is followed by a comma. In the case that a 'as' clause finishes the sentence, no comma is used.
Example Sentences
As he requested this information, I've sent a packet explaining the program.
She's going to take a taxi as she's late for work.
Friday May 1, 2009
Neither ... nor
'Neither ... nor' is used in sentences giving a negative sense. Neither one nor the other subject does an action. Notice that the negative sense is conveyed by the 'n' in 'neither' and 'nor'. 'Not' is not placed before the verb. Subjects connected by 'neither ... nor' take either a plural or singular verb conjugation depending on the subject (a singular or a plural) closer to the conjugated verb.
Example Sentences
Neither Jack or Peter wants to go to the party next week.
Neither Jane or her friends support the mayor.
Thursday April 30, 2009
Either ... or
'Either ... or' is used in sentences giving a positive sense. Either one or the other subject does a given action. Subjects connected by 'either ... or' take either a plural or singular verb conjugation depending on the subject (a singular or a plural) closer to the conjugated verb.
Example Sentences
Either she or the boys have made a mess in this room.
Either the students or the teacher takes a day off every month.
Wednesday April 29, 2009
Both ... and
Subjects connected by 'both ... and' take plural verb conjugations.
Example Sentences
Both my brother and I attended universities on the East Coast.
Both Jane and her sisters play golf.
Tuesday April 28, 2009
Neither ... I
This form is used when we want to show that we feel the same way as another person, or have performed the same action. Use this form when agreeing with negative sentences. Remember that the auxiliary verb changes based on the subject and the tense of the original statement. The form is usually used in the first person singular, however, other forms are also possible.
Example Sentences
They won't be attending the conference. - Neither will we.
Monday April 27, 2009
So ... I
This form is used when we want to show that we feel the same way as another person, or have performed the same action. Use this form when agreeing with positive sentences. Remember that the auxiliary verb changes based on the subject and the tense of the original statement. The form is usually used in the first person singular, however, other forms are also possible.
Example Sentences
I've enjoyed seeing you this week. - So have I.
She's been working hard today. - So has he.
Sunday April 26, 2009
Since as an adverb
'Since' has the same meaning as 'because'. An adverb clause using 'since' can precede or follow the independent clause it relates to. Notice that a sentence begun with a 'since' clause is followed by a comma. In the case that a 'since' clause finishes the sentence, no comma is used.
Example Sentences
Since she's so good at maths, we decided to enroll her in an advanced class.
They chose to save money this month since there seems to be a recession.
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April 19th to 25th
Saturday April 25, 2009
Because
An adverb clause using 'because' can precede or follow the independent clause it relates to. Notice that a sentence begun with a 'because' clause is followed by a comma. In the case that a 'because' clause finishes the sentence, no comma is used.
Example Sentences
He was late for work because he overslept.
Because they often go golfing, they work half time.
Friday April 24, 2009
Non-defining relative clauses
In non-defining relative clauses, the information is not essential to understanding the sentence, but gives additional information.
Example Sentences
Mr. Smith, who enjoys playing golf, has been invited to join our club.
Seattle, which was founded in the 19th century, is the economic heart of Washington state.
Thursday April 23, 2009
wealth - noun
Definition: a large amount of possessions, money or other things of value
Example Sentences
He left a great deal of wealth to his children.
Too many people are concerned with acquiring wealth.
Wednesday April 22, 2009
Defining relative clauses
In defining relative clauses, the information given is essential to the understanding of the sentence.
Example Sentences
The men who were brought in last month helped improve the bottom line.
I'm looking for a book that was on this table yesterday.
Tuesday April 21, 2009
Relative clauses
A relative clause is a dependent clause that modifies a noun. It gives additional information, identifies or describes a noun. Relative clauses are also called adjective clauses.
Example Sentences
The man who was hired last month has done a great job.
I'm looking for the shop where I bought these shoes.
Monday April 20, 2009
Dependent clauses
A dependent clause is not a complete sentence. It must be used together with an independent clause to make sense.
Example Sentences
She enjoyed the museum which she visited yesterday.
He drew a picture which won a prize.
Sunday April 19, 2009
Independent Clauses
An independent clause can be used as a complete sentence. It contains the subject and the verb of a sentence. It is also sometimes called the main clause.
Example Sentences
I bought a new car which was made in Germany.
They flew to Rome where they spent a lovely holiday.
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April 12th to 18th
Saturday April 18, 2009
Causative 'Have'
The causative verb 'have' expresses the idea that the person causing the event chooses to do so. This causative verb is often used when speaking about various services. There are two forms of the causative verb 'have'
Example Sentences
I had my car washed last weekend.
They had the documents reviewed by a number of lawyers.
Friday April 17, 2009
Causative 'Make'
The causative verb 'make' expresses the idea that the person causing the event requires the persons doing the event to take the desired action.
Example Sentences
They make their children do an extra hour of homework every evening.
She made her son quit his job to focus on his studies.
Thursday April 16 2009
Compound nouns
Compound nouns and adjectives are words that are made up of two parts. These parts are sometimes connected by a hyphen, connected, or separated. Unfortunately, there are no specific rules for when a compound noun or adjective takes a specific form.
Example Sentences
Toasters are common household appliances.
Make sure to go through check-in at least one hour before your flight.
Wednesday April 15, 2009
No continuous form for stative verbs
One major difference in passive use between English and some other languages is that the continuous forms may be used in English while not in some other languages.
Example Sentences
She thinks it's an interesting exhibit. NOT She is thinking it's an interesting exhibit.
Jack believes in the theory. NOT Jack is believing in the theory.
Tuesday April 14, 2009
Might have done
Use 'might' or 'could' plus the perfect form of the verb to express an opinion that you think had a good possibility of being true at the past point in time.
Example Sentences
She might have done her homework. I'm not sure.
They could have taken a different flight and that's why they aren't here.
Monday April 13, 2009
Can't have done
Use 'can't' plus the perfect form of the verb to express an opinion that you are 100% (or almost 100%) sure was not true at the past point in time.
Example Sentences
She can't have visited Tom because she was in Chicago.
They can't have been serious about that project!
Sunday April 12, 2009
Mustn't vs. Don't have to
Remember that 'mustn't expresses prohibition. 'Don't have to' expresses something that is not required. However, if the person may choose to do so if he or she pleases.
Example Sentences
Children mustn't play with fire.
I don't have to work next Saturday.
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April 5th to 11th
Saturday April 11, 2009
Verb + Pronoun
A number of verbs take a (pro)noun followed by an infinitive when involving another person. Here is a list of some of the most common:
Jim advised me to find a new job.
They encouraged them to take the day off.
Friday April 10, 2009
Reading Fractions
Read the top number as a cardinal number, followed by the ordinal number + 's'
Example Sentences
4/5 -> Four fifths
7/9 -> Seven ninths
Thursday April 9, 2009
Expressing Numbers
When expressing large numbers (more than one hundred) read in groups of hundreds. The order is as follows: billion, million, thousand, hundred. Include 'and' between the hundred and the tens when required in each group. Notice that hundred, thousand, etc. is NOT followed by an 's'.
Example Sentences
My state has three million four hundred thousand six hundred thirty two inhabitants.
She spent four thousand two hundred seven dollars.
Wednesday April 8, 2009
Make and Do
We usually 'make' something physical that we can touch. We usually 'do' a task of some sort. There are a number of exceptions to these rules.
Example Sentences
Let me make you a cup of tea.
Should he do his homework now?
Tuesday April 7, 2009
Past Perfect vs. Past Perfect Continuous
The past perfect is used to express an activity that had been finished before another activity in the past. In contrast, the past perfect continuous is used to express an activity that has been happening up to a moment in the past.
Example Sentences
We had been waiting for almost three hours when he finally arrived.
She had already made the decision before he asked the question.
Monday April 6, 2009
Past Perfect for Explaining
The past perfect is used to talk about an action that is finished before another action in the past. This form is especially useful for giving reasons for a decision that was made in the past.
Example Sentences
I'd already had lunch that's why I didn't come along to the restaurant.
She didn't want to join us because she had been sick the week before.
Sunday April 5, 2009
Become / get accustomed to
These two forms are similar in meaning to 'become / get used to'. They are slightly more formal.
Example Sentences
He's becoming accustomed to living in Brazil.
They'll get accustomed to the job soon enough.
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March 29th to April 5th
March 29, 2009
Specific point in time in the past
When a SPECIFIC point in time is stated for a past event, use the past continuous.
Example Sentences
She was working at 9 last night.
They were studying for their test at half past ten this morning.
March 30, 2009
Scheduled Public Events
Use either the future with will or simple present for scheduled public events
Example Sentences
The concert begins at six o'clock.
The train will leave at seven thirty.
March 31, 2009
Planned decisions
Planned decisions are decisions made BEFORE the moment of speaking. Use the future with 'going to'
Example Sentences
They're going to attend next week's conference in Bern.
I'm going to invest in some property on the coast.
April 1, 2009
Future options
The future continuous stresses the action at a precise moment. However, these other forms of the future convey the same idea with little or no change in meaning.
Example Sentences
She'll be meeting him at five. / She's going to meet him at five.
They'll be making a presentation at ten. / They're presenting at ten.
April 2, 2009
Used to
'Used to' is a special form used to express something that we did regularly in the past but do not do anymore. It is usually used in the positive form.
Example Sentences
I used to work at the British School in Livorno, Italy.
They used to live in New York.
April 3, 2009
Would do
'Would do' something refers to habitual past actions as well. Avoid using 'would' in questions and negative sentences, as its meaning can easily be misunderstood in a conditional sense.
Example Sentences
He would get up early and take a two mile jog when he lived in France.
They'd complain about everything before the new school headmaster arrived.
April 4, 2009
To be used to
When someone has become well acquainted with a situation we can use the form 'to be used to'.
Example Sentences
He's used to working twelve hour days.
Mary's used to getting up early on Sundays.
April 5, 2009
Become / get accustomed to
These two forms are similar in meaning to 'become / get used to'. They are slightly more formal.
Example Sentences
He's becoming accustomed to living in Brazil.
They'll get accustomed to the job soon enough.
March 22nd to 28th
Sunday March 22, 2009
Reported Speech and the Past
If the reporting verb (i.e. said) is in the past, the reported clause will be in a past form. This form is usually one step back into the past from the original.
Example Sentences
He said he was going to come that day.
She told him she had bought a new car.
Monday March 23, 2009
Future Perfect
The future perfect is used to talk about what will have been done up to a specific point in the future.
Example Sentences
We'll have finished by the time you arrive.
They'll have bought a new home by the end of next month.
Tuesday March 24, 2009
The Use of Say
Use 'say' in a more general sense. Remember that 'say' does not take an indirect object. 'That' is optional and can be included or left out.
Example Sentences
She said she would return soon.
He says he likes Coca Cola.
Wednesday March 25, 2009
The Use of Tell
Use 'tell' when you are expressing that someone told something specific TO someone else. An object pronoun or name must follow 'Tell'. 'That' is optional and can be included or left out.
Example Sentences
She told him that she was coming to the party.
They told us to hurry up and finish the job.
Thursday March 26, 2009
Reported Questions
In reported questions the word order is like a positive statement. This structure is similar to indirect question structure.
Example Sentences
He wondered what time the bus left.
She asked where he lived.
Friday March 27, 2009
Adverbs of Frequency - Question Form
In questions and negatives use only 'always, usually, normally, often or sometimes'
Example Sentences
How do you usually travel for business?
When do you normally take naps?
Saturday March 28, 2009
Around this Moment
Use the present continuous to speak about what is happening AROUND the moment at work.
Example Sentences
She's working overtime this week.
They're working on the Johnson account this afternoon.
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Saturday March 21st Future Continuous
The future continuous is used to talk about an activity that will be in progress at a specific point in time in the future.
Example Sentences
We'll be enjoying his company in two weeks. time.
She'll be swimming this time tomorrow.
Friday March 20th Imperative Form - Be Polite
Be careful when you use the imperative as it is often considered impolite in English. If someone asks you for instructions, use the imperative. If, on the other hand, you would like to request that someone do something use a polite question form.
Example Sentences
The museum? Take the first right, cross the road and turn left.
Could you tell me the time, please? NOT Tell me the time.
Thursday March 19, 2009 Reflexive Pronouns
There are a number of verbs that take a reflexive pronoun. The verb is immediately followed by the reflexive pronoun.
Example Sentences
We need to give ourselves more time.
He bought himself a house.
Wednesday March 18, 2009 Future Time Clauses
A time clause begins with 'when', 'as soon as', 'before' and 'after'. The construction form is the same as the first conditional for the future.
Example Sentences
We'll begin as soon as he arrives.
She will join the club when she's ready.
Tuesday March 17, 2009 Suppose
Use 'suppose' to begin a sentence posing a hypothetical situation.
Example Sentences
Suppose she came to dinner!
Suppose he wanted to marry you.
Monday March 16, 2009 Would rather
Usage Tip
Use 'would rather' + past simple to express our desires for another person or thing in the present or future:
Example Sentences
I'd rather you didn't do that.
He'd rather she studied more.
Sunday March 15, 2009 It's time
Use 'it's time' with the past simple to take about an action which finally is taking place, but should have taken place before the moment of speaking.
Example Sentences
It's time you started studying!
It's time we went home.
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Saturday March 14, 2009 If only
'If only' takes the same verb forms as 'wish'. This form is used as a means of stressing the importance of the wish or hypothetical situations. The form is often also used with an exclamation point.
Example Sentences
If only we had had the time!
If only I knew how to succeed!
Friday March 13, 2009 Mixed Conditionals
At times, it is necessary to mix conditionals, especially in the case of a past condition with a present result.
Example Sentences
If he had paid attention, he'd be more successful today.
She'd visit soon, if she had known we were having problems.
Thursday March 12, 2009 First conditional or second conditinal?
Often, we choose the first or second conditional based on how possible we think a situation or result is. In the case that we believe something is possible, we choose the first conditional.
Example Sentences
If they study, they'll pass the test. (I think they can do it)
If they studied, they'd pass the test. (I think they probably won't study)
Wednesday March 11, 2009 Result clause first in conditionals
You can also use the result clause first in conditional forms. In this case, do not use a comma.
Example Sentences
We'll have a great time if he comes.
She'd have bought that oven if she had known it was on sale.
Tuesday March 10, 2009 Passive for Business
In some cases it is preferable to use the passive voice, especially when speaking about products in business.
Example Sentences
Our products are manufactured in Brazil.
The latest model will be marketed in Europe.
Monday March 9, 2009 Passive voice with By
Use the preposition 'by' when it is important for the understanding of the sentence to include the agent of the action.
Example Sentences
Those cars are made by BMW.
A number of people have been promoted by Frank recently.
Sunday March 8, 2009 Present Perfect (Continuous)
We tend to use the present perfect continuous to describe the duration of a current activity happening at the moment. On the other hand, the present perfect is used to describe states or more general activity.
Example Sentences
He's lived here for over twenty years.
They've been playing golf since 10 this morning.
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Saturday March 7, 2009 Present Perfect Continuous
The present perfect continuous is used, like the present perfect simple, to express an action which begins in the past and continues into the present moment.
Example Sentences
She's been watching TV for an hour.
They've been working all day.
Friday March 6, 2009 Have Gone
Use 'have gone' to express that a person has gone to a place and NOT YET returned.
Example Sentences
She's gone to a meeting in Jersey.
They've gone on holiday.
Thursday March 5, 2009 Have Been
Use 'have been' to express that a person has been to a place and returned.
Example Sentences
He's just been to the bank.
She's already been to the dentist.
Wednesday March 4, 2009 'Ever' and 'Never' with the Present Perfect
When talking or asking about experience we often use 'ever' or 'never' together with the present perfect.
Example Sentences
Have you ever been to London?
She's never studied French.
Tuesday March 3, 2009 Adverb + 'ing' form
When an adverb is followed by a verb, the verb takes the 'ing' form.
Example Sentences
Hopefully relaxing this weekend will help him get better.
They caused problems by carelessly gossiping about others.
Monday March 2, 2009 Adjective + Infinitive
When an adjective is followed by a verb, the verb takes the infinitive form.
Example Sentences
It is difficult to know everything about any language.
It's easy to make a mistake.
Sunday March 1, 2009 Three Word Phrasal Verbs
Three word phrasal verbs are all inseparable.
Example Sentences
They look forward to his visit.
She caught up on her homework.
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Saturday February 28, 2009 Phrasal Verbs + ing
Phrasal verbs end in a preposition. The 'ing' form of the verb always follows prepositions. For this reason, any verb combined with a phrasal verb takes the 'ing' form of the verb.
Example Sentences
He put off visiting his friends until the following week.
She looked into buying a new home.
Friday February 27, 2009 Phrasal Verbs Separable or Inseparable Tip
If you are not sure whether a phrasal verb is separable or inseparable, ALWAYS use a noun or nouns phrase and DO NOT separate. In this manner, you will always be correct!
Example Sentences
She'll pick up French quickly.
He'll look after the children.
Thursday February 26, 2009 Inseparable Phrasal Verbs
Inseparable phrasal verbs always remain together. It makes no difference if a noun or pronoun is used.
Example Sentences
Don't worry I'll look after them.
She's looking forward to taking some time off work.
Wednesday February 25, 2009 Separable Phrasal Verbs
Separable phrasal verbs MUST be separated when a pronoun is used.
Example Sentences
I'll pick him up at six o'clock.
I think you should give it up.
Tuesday February 24, 2009 Separable Phrasal Verbs
Separable phrasal verbs MUST be separated when a pronoun is used.
Example Sentences
I'll pick him up at six o'clock.
I think you should give it up.
Monday February 23, 2009 Future Speculation
When speaking about the future we are not always sure of what will happen. In these cases, we can use the modal verbs 'may' or 'might' to speak about what will possibly happen or be true in the future.
Example Sentences
I think he may change his mind eventually.
She might invest in that new company.
Sunday February 22, 2009 Look Forward To
'Look forward to' takes the 'ing' form of the verb.
Example Sentences
She's looking forward to visiting her friends in Alabama.
I look forward to meeting you soon.
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Saturday February 21, 2009 Future Perfect
The future perfect is used to talk about what will have been done up to a specific point in the future.
Example Sentences
They'll have finished the report by tomorrow evening.
She'll have graduated by 2010.
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